In positivist social sciences measurement is an important exercise in determining casual and correlational relationship. Efforts at constructing Human Security Index (HIS) picked up momentum following the introduction of Human Development Index (HDI) by the end in 1993. He provides the site for measuring the interface between the downsides of development and various levels and sources of insecurities. The traditional debate between ‘freedom from want’ and ‘freedom from fear’ is also reflected here. Several attempts have been made to construct an HIS at country and regional levels following variants of these epistemological debates. The present volume is an exploratory attempt in the context of South Asia to suggest possible approaches and bring out relevant methodological issues. The key argument is that both tracks mentioned above are relevant and the focus should be on the intensity and degree of pervasiveness of threats emanating from either track.